Component of the autophagy machinery that controls the major intracellular degradation process by which cytoplasmic materials are packaged into autophagosomes and delivered to lysosomes for degradation (PubMed:
15602573, PubMed:
20114074, PubMed:
20484055, PubMed:
20639694, PubMed:
23088497, PubMed:
28561066, PubMed:
31271352). Plays an important role in starvation- and calcium-mediated autophagy, as well as in mitophagy (PubMed:
28561066). Functions downstream of the ULK1 and PI3- kinases that produce phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P) on membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum once activated (PubMed:
28561066). Binds phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P), and maybe other phosphoinositides including PtdIns3,5P2 and PtdIns5P, and is recruited to phagophore assembly sites at the endoplasmic reticulum membranes (PubMed:
28561066, PubMed:
31271352, PubMed:
33499712). There, it assists WIPI2 in the recruitment of ATG12- ATG5-ATG16L1, a complex that directly controls the elongation of the nascent autophagosomal membrane (PubMed:
28561066). Together with WDR45/WIPI4, promotes ATG2 (ATG2A or ATG2B)-mediated lipid transfer by enhancing ATG2-association with phosphatidylinositol 3-monophosphate (PI3P)-containing membranes (PubMed:
31271352). Involved in xenophagy of Staphylococcus aureus (PubMed:
22829830). Invading S.aureus cells become entrapped in autophagosome-like WIPI1 positive vesicles targeted for lysosomal degradation (PubMed:
22829830). Plays also a distinct role in controlling the transcription of melanogenic enzymes and melanosome maturation, a process that is distinct from starvation-induced autophagy (PubMed:
21317285). May also regulate the trafficking of proteins involved in the mannose-6-phosphate receptor (MPR) recycling pathway (PubMed:
15020712).
