DNA- and RNA-binding protein involved in various processes, such as translational repression, RNA stabilization, mRNA splicing, DNA repair and transcription regulation (PubMed:
8188694, PubMed:
10817758, PubMed:
11698476, PubMed:
14718551, PubMed:
18809583, PubMed:
31358969). Predominantly acts as a RNA-binding protein: binds preferentially to the 5'-[CU]CUGCG-3' RNA motif and specifically recognizes mRNA transcripts modified by C5-methylcytosine (m5C) (PubMed:
19561594, PubMed:
31358969). Promotes mRNA stabilization: acts by binding to m5C- containing mRNAs and recruiting the mRNA stability maintainer ELAVL1, thereby preventing mRNA decay (PubMed:
10817758, PubMed:
11698476, PubMed:
31358969). Component of the CRD-mediated complex that promotes MYC mRNA stability (PubMed:
19029303). Contributes to the regulation of translation by modulating the interaction between the mRNA and eukaryotic initiation factors (By similarity). Plays a key role in RNA composition of extracellular exosomes by defining the sorting of small non-coding RNAs, such as tRNAs, Y RNAs, Vault RNAs and miRNAs (PubMed:
27559612, PubMed:
29073095). Probably sorts RNAs in exosomes by recognizing and binding C5-methylcytosine (m5C)-containing RNAs (PubMed:
28341602, PubMed:
29073095). Acts as a key effector of epidermal progenitors by preventing epidermal progenitor senescence: acts by regulating the translation of a senescence-associated subset of cytokine mRNAs, possibly by binding to m5C-containing mRNAs (PubMed:
29712925). Also involved in pre-mRNA alternative splicing regulation: binds to splice sites in pre-mRNA and regulates splice site selection (PubMed:
12604611). Also able to bind DNA: regulates transcription of the multidrug resistance gene MDR1 is enhanced in presence of the APEX1 acetylated form at 'Lys-6' and 'Lys-7' (PubMed:
18809583). Binds to promoters that contain a Y-box (5'- CTGATTGGCCAA-3'), such as MDR1 and HLA class II genes (PubMed:
8188694, PubMed:
18809583). Promotes separation of DNA strands that contain mismatches or are modified by cisplatin (PubMed:
14718551). Has endonucleolytic activity and can introduce nicks or breaks into double- stranded DNA, suggesting a role in DNA repair (PubMed:
14718551). The secreted form acts as an extracellular mitogen and stimulates cell migration and proliferation (PubMed:
19483673).
